Concern over measles
2010-02-04
SIXTEEN confirmed cases of measles have been reported in the Drakenstein area since September. A total of 236 cases were reported in the Western Cape. According to Faiza Steyn, spokesperson of the Western Cape Department of Health, a measles outbreak which started in Gauteng last year has spread to all provinces in the country, including the Western Cape. There is concern over the incidence of measles, which has affected babies, children and adults and an inoculation campaign is to be launched soon. Measles is an acute infection caused by a virus which spreads easily. The illness is characterised by a cough, runny nose, fever and a blotchy red rash typical to measles that appears several days after the initial symptoms. The rash first develops in the facial area, with swelling of the eyes, conjunctiva, and a redness of the mouth. The rash then spreads over the body within three to seven days. A person who contracts measles is infectious the day before the symptoms occur, and about four days before and after the rash appears. After the second day there is minimal risk for infecting others. The period between exposure and the start of illness is about 10 days. Measles is most severe in children who are malnourished, with the highest fatality rates occurring in malnourished children under the age of one. It is also more severe in adults than in children over two years of age. Potential complications include ear infections, diarrhoea, pneumonia, croup and convulsions. All children should routinely receive a measles vaccination at nine months as well as a booster injection at 18 months. Measles immunisations are available free of charge from all health clinics. The next nation-wide polio and measles campaign is planned for April. Until this national campaign is underway, the Provincial Government Department of Health will closely monitor any local outbreaks, conduct routine follow-ups and launch targeted campaigns. Parents who are unsure if their children under the age of five have received the recommended measles vaccines, should take their child to the nearest clinic for catch-up doses.
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